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  • Raman Scattering on Emerging Semiconductors and Oxides
    Raman Scattering on Emerging Semiconductors and Oxides

    Raman Scattering on Emerging Semiconductors and Oxides presents Raman scattering studies.It describes the key fundamental elements in applying Raman spectroscopies to various semiconductors and oxides without complicated and deep Raman theories. Across nine chapters, it covers:• SiC and IV-IV semiconductors,• III-GaN and nitride semiconductors,• III-V and II-VI semiconductors,• ZnO-based and GaO-based semiconducting oxides,• Graphene, ferroelectric oxides, and other emerging materials,• Wide-bandgap semiconductors of SiC, GaN, and ZnO, and• Ultra-wide gap semiconductors of AlN, Ga2O3, and graphene. Key achievements from the author and collaborators in the above fields are referred to and cited with typical Raman spectral graphs and analyses.Written for engineers, scientists, and academics, this comprehensive book will be fundamental for newcomers in Raman spectroscopy. Zhe Chuan Feng has had an impressive career spanning many years of important work in engineering and tech, including as a professor at the Graduate Institute of Photonics & Optoelectronics and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei; establishing the Science Exploring Lab; joining Kennesaw State University as an adjunct professor, part-time; and at the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Southern Polytechnic College of Engineering and Engineering Technology.Currently, he is focusing on materials research for LED, III-nitrides, SiC, ZnO, other semiconductors/oxides, and nanostructures and has devoted time to materials research and growth of III-V and II-VI compounds, LED, III nitrides, SiC, ZnO, GaO, and other semiconductors/oxides. Professor Feng has also edited and published multiple review books in his field, alongside authoring scientific journal papers and conference/proceeding papers.He has organized symposiums and been an invited speaker at different international conferences and universities.He has also served as a guest editor for special journal issues.

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  • Made to Measure : New Materials for the 21st Century
    Made to Measure : New Materials for the 21st Century

    Made to Measure introduces a general audience to one of today's most exciting areas of scientific research: materials science.Philip Ball describes how scientists are currently inventing thousands of new materials, ranging from synthetic skin, blood, and bone to substances that repair themselves and adapt to their environment, that swell and flex like muscles, that repel any ink or paint, and that capture and store the energy of the Sun.He shows how all this is being accomplished precisely because, for the first time in history, materials are being "made to measure": designed for particular applications, rather than discovered in nature or by haphazard experimentation.Now scientists literally put new materials together on the drawing board in the same way that a blueprint is specified for a house or an electronic circuit.But the designers are working not with skylights and alcoves, not with transistors and capacitors, but with molecules and atoms. This book is written in the same engaging manner as Ball's popular book on chemistry, Designing the Molecular World, and it links insights from chemistry, biology, and physics with those from engineering as it outlines the various areas in which new materials will transform our lives in the twenty-first century.The chapters provide vignettes from a broad range of selected areas of materials science and can be read as separate essays.The subjects include photonic materials, materials for information storage, smart materials, biomaterials, biomedical materials, materials for clean energy, porous materials, diamond and hard materials, new polymers, and surfaces and interfaces.

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  • Applied Raman Spectroscopy : Concepts, Instrumentation, Chemometrics, and Life Science Applications
    Applied Raman Spectroscopy : Concepts, Instrumentation, Chemometrics, and Life Science Applications

    Applied Raman Spectroscopy: Concepts, Instrumentation, Chemometrics, and Life Science Applications synthesizes recent developments in the field, providing an updated overview.The book focuses on the modern concepts of Raman spectroscopy techniques, recent technological innovations, data analysis using chemometric methods, along with the latest examples of life science applications relevant in academia and industries.It will be beneficial to researchers from various branches of science and technology, and it will point them to modern techniques coupled with data analysis methods.In addition, it will help instruct new readers on Raman spectroscopy and hyphenated Raman spectroscopic techniques. The book is primarily written for analytical and physical chemistry students and researchers at a more advanced level who require a broad introductory overview of the applications of Raman spectroscopy, as well as those working in applied industry and clinical laboratories.Students, researchers, and industry workers in related fields, including X-ray and materials science, agriculture, botany, molecular biology and biotechnology, mineralogy, and environmental science will also find it very useful.

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  • Rethinking Coal : Chemicals and Carbon-Based Materials in the 21st Century
    Rethinking Coal : Chemicals and Carbon-Based Materials in the 21st Century

    Rethinking Coal: Chemicals and Carbon-Based Materials in the 21st Century is a timely presentation of the current uses and future impacts of coal and coal technologies. Three decades ago, coal was the dominant source of electricity generation in the U.S. and the recipient of moderate research efforts in the synthetic fuels arena.In recent years, though coal is still heavily discussed in the media, the focus has shifted towards the ill effects that coal mining and combustion have on the environment.As it is likely that we will have to rely on coal for a major share of electricity generation for decades to come, it is increasingly important to understand the current issues that surround coal, as well as future prospects for developing or applying coal technologies that have lesser impacts on the environment.In this book, author Harold Schobert discusses the current uses and future impacts of coal and coal technologies.Rethinking Coal: Chemicals and Carbon-Based Materials in the 21st Century provides an overview of how coal formed eons ago; the basic properties of coal and differences among the many kinds of coals; the ways coal is currently used in the world; new and emerging technologies for using coal, including prospects for using coal as a source of valuable chemicals and carbon materials rather than burning it; and the impacts of coal use on the environment including CO2 emissions and global climate change, as well as the various practices of coal mining.Rethinking Coal presents the environmental, technical, and economic advantages and disadvantages of various applications of coal, without disparaging or supporting its use.

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  • At which latitude is the sun on June 21st, December 21st, March 21st, and September 23rd, and when is the equinox?

    On June 21st, the sun is directly overhead at the Tropic of Cancer, which is located at approximately 23.5 degrees north latitude. On December 21st, the sun is directly overhead at the Tropic of Capricorn, which is located at approximately 23.5 degrees south latitude. On March 21st and September 23rd, the sun is directly overhead at the equator, which is at 0 degrees latitude. The equinox occurs around March 21st and September 23rd when the sun is directly above the equator, resulting in equal day and night lengths.

  • At what latitude is the sun on June 21st, December 21st, March 21st, and September 23rd, and when is the equinox?

    On June 21st, the sun is at the Tropic of Cancer at approximately 23.5 degrees north latitude. On December 21st, the sun is at the Tropic of Capricorn at approximately 23.5 degrees south latitude. On March 21st and September 23rd, the sun is at the equator at 0 degrees latitude. The equinox occurs around March 21st and September 23rd when the sun is directly above the equator.

  • How do you write 21st?

    You can write 21st as "twenty-first" or "21st" using numerals. When writing it out in full, "twenty-first" is the correct way to spell it. When using numerals, "21st" is the appropriate abbreviation.

  • When is the 21st week?

    The 21st week of the year typically falls in May or June, depending on when the year starts. In a standard calendar year starting in January, the 21st week would be around the end of May. This is a little over halfway through the year, making it a good time to reflect on the progress of the year so far and plan for the remaining months.

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  • 21st Century Breakdown
    21st Century Breakdown

    Follow-up to the popular punk rock trio's critically acclaimed seventh studio album, 'American Idiot'. The record is divided into three acts: 'Heroes and Cons', 'Charlatans and Saints' and 'Horseshoes and Handgrenades', and follows the turbulent life of a young American couple named Gloria and Christian.

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  • 21st Century Rocks
    21st Century Rocks


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  • 21st Century C
    21st Century C

    Throw out your old ideas about C and get to know a programming language that's substantially outgrown its origins.With this revised edition of 21st Century C, you'll discover up-to-date techniques missing from other C tutorials, whether you're new to the language or just getting reacquainted.C isn't just the foundation of modern programming languages; it is a modern language, ideal for writing efficient, state-of-the-art applications.Get past idioms that made sense on mainframes and learn the tools you need to work with this evolved and aggressively simple language.No matter what programming language you currently favor, you'll quickly see that 21st century C rocks. Set up a C programming environment with shell facilities, makefiles, text editors, debuggers, and memory checkers Use Autotools, C's de facto cross-platform package manager Learn about the problematic C concepts too useful to discard Solve C's string-building problems with C-standard functions Use modern syntactic features for functions that take structured inputs Build high-level, object-based libraries and programs Perform advanced math, talk to internet servers, and run databases with existing C libraries This edition also includes new material on concurrent threads, virtual tables, C99 numeric types, and other features.

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  • 21st Century Astronomy
    21st Century Astronomy

    Comprehensive and authoritative, 21st Century Astronomy fosters scientific literacy by offering carefully crafted activities that help students apply the process of science to astronomy, the news and the world.The 21st Century learning package provides the most up-to-date astronomy research, engaging students as they prepare for lecture, perform in-class activities and complete meaningful homework assignments—both in person and online.Lead author Stacy Palen draws on her experience teaching at an open enrollment university to build intentionality and transparency into every aspect of the learning package, giving activities a clear purpose and making them easy to execute without special equipment.Norton’s service supports every instructor, every step of the way.

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  • Which model is the 21st?

    The 21st model refers to the current model in a series of products, typically in the context of technology or consumer goods. For example, the iPhone 12 would be the 21st model if we count from the original iPhone as the first model. In the context of car models, the 21st model would be the 21st version or iteration of a particular car line. It's important to note that the 21st model may vary depending on the specific product or industry being referenced.

  • What does the 21st mean?

    The 21st century refers to the current period of time, starting from January 1, 2001, and ending on December 31, 2100. It is a time of rapid technological advancement, globalization, and significant societal changes. The 21st century is characterized by the rise of digital technology, increased connectivity, and a growing awareness of global issues such as climate change and social inequality. It is a time of great potential and challenges, as humanity navigates the complexities of a rapidly changing world.

  • When did the 21st century begin?

    The 21st century began on January 1, 2001. This is because the 21st century officially started at the beginning of the year 2001, as the first century began with the year 1, not 0. Therefore, the 21st century began at the start of the year 2001, not 2000.

  • How do you find the 21st?

    To find the 21st of something, you simply count to 21. For example, if you are looking for the 21st day of the month, you would count each day until you reach the 21st. Similarly, if you are looking for the 21st item in a list, you would count each item until you reach the 21st. It's a straightforward process of counting and identifying the 21st in a sequence.

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