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Raman Scattering on Emerging Semiconductors and Oxides
Raman Scattering on Emerging Semiconductors and Oxides presents Raman scattering studies.It describes the key fundamental elements in applying Raman spectroscopies to various semiconductors and oxides without complicated and deep Raman theories. Across nine chapters, it covers:• SiC and IV-IV semiconductors,• III-GaN and nitride semiconductors,• III-V and II-VI semiconductors,• ZnO-based and GaO-based semiconducting oxides,• Graphene, ferroelectric oxides, and other emerging materials,• Wide-bandgap semiconductors of SiC, GaN, and ZnO, and• Ultra-wide gap semiconductors of AlN, Ga2O3, and graphene. Key achievements from the author and collaborators in the above fields are referred to and cited with typical Raman spectral graphs and analyses.Written for engineers, scientists, and academics, this comprehensive book will be fundamental for newcomers in Raman spectroscopy. Zhe Chuan Feng has had an impressive career spanning many years of important work in engineering and tech, including as a professor at the Graduate Institute of Photonics & Optoelectronics and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei; establishing the Science Exploring Lab; joining Kennesaw State University as an adjunct professor, part-time; and at the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Southern Polytechnic College of Engineering and Engineering Technology.Currently, he is focusing on materials research for LED, III-nitrides, SiC, ZnO, other semiconductors/oxides, and nanostructures and has devoted time to materials research and growth of III-V and II-VI compounds, LED, III nitrides, SiC, ZnO, GaO, and other semiconductors/oxides. Professor Feng has also edited and published multiple review books in his field, alongside authoring scientific journal papers and conference/proceeding papers.He has organized symposiums and been an invited speaker at different international conferences and universities.He has also served as a guest editor for special journal issues.
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Applied Raman Spectroscopy : Concepts, Instrumentation, Chemometrics, and Life Science Applications
Applied Raman Spectroscopy: Concepts, Instrumentation, Chemometrics, and Life Science Applications synthesizes recent developments in the field, providing an updated overview.The book focuses on the modern concepts of Raman spectroscopy techniques, recent technological innovations, data analysis using chemometric methods, along with the latest examples of life science applications relevant in academia and industries.It will be beneficial to researchers from various branches of science and technology, and it will point them to modern techniques coupled with data analysis methods.In addition, it will help instruct new readers on Raman spectroscopy and hyphenated Raman spectroscopic techniques. The book is primarily written for analytical and physical chemistry students and researchers at a more advanced level who require a broad introductory overview of the applications of Raman spectroscopy, as well as those working in applied industry and clinical laboratories.Students, researchers, and industry workers in related fields, including X-ray and materials science, agriculture, botany, molecular biology and biotechnology, mineralogy, and environmental science will also find it very useful.
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Magneto-Optics and Spectroscopy of Antiferromagnets
Certain magnetic materials have optical properties that make them attractive for a wide variety of applications such as optical switches.This book describes the physics of one class of such magnetooptic materials, the insulating antiferromagnets.The authors summarize recent results concerning the structure, optical properties, spectroscopy, and magnetooptical properties of these materials.In particular, they consider magnetic phase transitions, symmetry effects, the linear magnetooptical effect, magnons, spectroscopic study of spin waves, photoinduced magnetic effects, and the effects of impurities.
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Nanotechnology in Electronics : Materials, Properties, Devices
Nanotechnology in Electronics Enables readers to understand and apply state-of-the-art concepts surrounding modern nanotechnology in electronics Nanotechnology in Electronics summarizes numerous research accomplishments in the field, covering novel materials for electronic applications (such as graphene, nanowires, and carbon nanotubes) and modern nanoelectronic devices (such as biosensors, optoelectronic devices, flexible electronics, nanoscale batteries, and nanogenerators) that are used in many different fields (such as sensor technology, energy generation, data storage and biomedicine). Edited by four highly qualified researchers and professionals in the field, other specific sample topics covered in Nanotechnology in Electronics include: Graphene-based nanoelectronics biosensors, including the history, properties, and fundamentals of graphene, plus fundamentals of graphene derivatives and the synthesis of graphene Zinc oxide piezoelectronic nanogenerators for low frequency applications, with an introduction to zinc oxide and zinc oxide piezoelectric nanogenerators Investigation of the hot junctionless mosfets, including an overview of the junctionless paradigm and a simulation framework of the hot carrier degradation Conductive nanomaterials for printed/flexible electronics application and metal oxide semiconductors for non-invasive diagnosis of breast cancer The fundamental aspects and applications of multiferroic-based spintronic devices and quartz tuning fork based nanosensors. Containing in-depth information on the topic and written intentionally to help with the practical application of concepts described within, Nanotechnology in Electronics is a must-have reference for materials scientists, electronics engineers, and engineering scientists who wish to understand and harness the state of the art in the field.
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'Each individual or individual what?'
Each individual is a unique person with their own thoughts, feelings, and experiences. They are a distinct entity with their own identity and characteristics. Each individual contributes to the diversity and complexity of the human population.
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Why do composite materials have more favorable properties than their individual components?
Composite materials have more favorable properties than their individual components because they can be designed to combine the best characteristics of each component. For example, a composite material can be made to be strong and lightweight by combining a strong material with a lightweight material. Additionally, composites can be tailored to have specific properties such as high strength, corrosion resistance, or thermal conductivity, by choosing the right combination of materials and their arrangement. This ability to customize the properties of composite materials makes them highly versatile and advantageous for a wide range of applications.
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What is individual density?
Individual density refers to the number of individuals of a particular species within a given area or habitat. It is a measure of how crowded or dispersed a population is within a specific area. Individual density can have significant impacts on factors such as competition for resources, predation, and overall population dynamics. Monitoring individual density is important for understanding the health and sustainability of a population within an ecosystem.
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What are individual sports?
Individual sports are activities where athletes compete on their own without relying on teammates. These sports require self-discipline, focus, and determination as the athlete is solely responsible for their performance. Examples of individual sports include tennis, golf, swimming, and track and field events. In these sports, success is dependent on the individual's skills, physical abilities, and mental toughness.
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Individual
We all deserve to live unapologetically in homes that reflect who we are.Instead of a cookie-cutter approach, we crave spaces that make us feel secure and connected, nurtured and enriched.Individual journeys to fifteen truly unique homes that are authentic reflections of the people who inhabit them, from an art-filled city terrace to a magical seaside shack and a 1970s-era palace in the 'burbs.Practical tips on such topics as choosing a palette, balancing function and style, and living better with 'stuff' show you how to imbue your space - whether a rented apartment or a cottage in the country - with the essence of you.Individual is a stunning reminder that you don't need a bulging bank account or an award-winning architect to create an authentic space in which you can thrive.
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A Milliliter-Scale Setup for the Efficient Characterization of Multicomponent Vapor-Liquid Equilibria Using Raman Spectroscopy
Vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data are of major importance for the chemical industry.Despite significant progress in predictive methods, experimental VLE data are still indispensable.In this work, we address the need for experimental VLE data.Commonly, the characterization of VLE requires significant experimental effort.To limit the experimental effort, VLE measurements are frequently conducted by synthetic methods which employ samples of known composition and avoid complex analytics and sampling issues.In contrast, analytical methods provide independent information on phase compositions, commonly based on sampling and large amounts of substance. In the first part of this work, we employ a synthetic method, the well-established Cailletet setup, to characterize the high pressure VLE of two promising binary biofuel blends.The Cailletet method serves as a state of the art reference method that enables collecting data of remarkable accuracy.However, extensive infrastructure is needed. In the second part, to avoid extensive infrastructure and overcome limitations of previous methods, we develop a novel analytical milliliter-scale setup for the noninvasive and efficient characterization of VLE: RAMSPEQU (Raman Spectroscopic Phase Equilibrium Characterization).The novel setup saves substance and rapidly characterizes VLE.Sampling and its associated errors are avoided by analyzing phase compositions using Raman spectroscopy.Thereby, volumes of less than 3 ml are sufficient for reliable phase equilibrium measurements.To enable rapid data generation and save substance, we design an integrated workow combining Raman signal calibration and VLE measurement.As a result, RAMSPEQU gives access to up to 15 pT xy-data sets per workday.RAMSPEQU is successfully validated against pure component and binary VLE data from literature. However, mixtures with only two components rarely depict real industrial applications.As the number of experiments increases strongly with a rising number of components, the efficient RAMSPEQU setup seems particularly suited for multicomponent systems.In the third part of this work, we employ the RAMSPEQU setup for the characterization of a quaternary system and its binary subsystems. 22 ml and 105 ml of the binary and quaternary mixtures are sufficient for an extensive VLE characterization. The RAMSPEQU setup and its integrated workow enable the characterization of multicomponent VLE while saving significant amounts of substance and laboratory time.
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Individual Choice
In a retrospective interview for this re-release of the 1983 album 'Individual Choice', Jean-Luc Ponty said: 'What I was recording in that new sequencer gave me the idea to go for a totally different concept, to use these recordings as rhythmic backgrounds, sometimes without drums or percussion. I planned to record a new album in which I would play all the background parts with my synthesizers and add my violin later on in the studio'. Ponty also invited a couple of guests to contribute to the recording. They were no less than George Duke (keys), Allan Holdsworth (guitar), Rayford Griffin (drums) and Randy Jackson (bass).
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Warmisitay Home Individual
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Can an individual change?
Yes, an individual can change. Change is a natural part of life and personal growth. Through self-reflection, learning, and taking action, individuals can change their beliefs, behaviors, and habits. It may require effort, time, and support from others, but change is possible for anyone willing to commit to it.
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Who sends individual packages?
Individual packages are typically sent by individuals or businesses who are shipping items to specific recipients. This can include online retailers, individuals sending gifts, or businesses shipping products to customers. The sender is responsible for packaging the item, addressing it, and arranging for its delivery through a shipping service such as the postal service, courier, or delivery company.
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What is individual traffic?
Individual traffic refers to the movement of vehicles or pedestrians on the road, where each person or vehicle is traveling independently rather than as part of a group or organized system. This type of traffic can include personal vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians traveling to their destinations without coordination with others. Individual traffic can be influenced by factors such as traffic signals, road conditions, and the behavior of other road users.
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What is the difference between individual representation authority and individual management authority?
Individual representation authority refers to the power of an individual to act on behalf of another person or entity, such as a lawyer representing a client in court. On the other hand, individual management authority refers to the power of an individual to make decisions and take actions on their own behalf, such as a business owner managing their company's operations. In essence, representation authority involves acting on behalf of someone else, while management authority involves making decisions for oneself.
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