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  • Raman Scattering on Emerging Semiconductors and Oxides
    Raman Scattering on Emerging Semiconductors and Oxides

    Raman Scattering on Emerging Semiconductors and Oxides presents Raman scattering studies.It describes the key fundamental elements in applying Raman spectroscopies to various semiconductors and oxides without complicated and deep Raman theories. Across nine chapters, it covers:• SiC and IV-IV semiconductors,• III-GaN and nitride semiconductors,• III-V and II-VI semiconductors,• ZnO-based and GaO-based semiconducting oxides,• Graphene, ferroelectric oxides, and other emerging materials,• Wide-bandgap semiconductors of SiC, GaN, and ZnO, and• Ultra-wide gap semiconductors of AlN, Ga2O3, and graphene. Key achievements from the author and collaborators in the above fields are referred to and cited with typical Raman spectral graphs and analyses.Written for engineers, scientists, and academics, this comprehensive book will be fundamental for newcomers in Raman spectroscopy. Zhe Chuan Feng has had an impressive career spanning many years of important work in engineering and tech, including as a professor at the Graduate Institute of Photonics & Optoelectronics and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei; establishing the Science Exploring Lab; joining Kennesaw State University as an adjunct professor, part-time; and at the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Southern Polytechnic College of Engineering and Engineering Technology.Currently, he is focusing on materials research for LED, III-nitrides, SiC, ZnO, other semiconductors/oxides, and nanostructures and has devoted time to materials research and growth of III-V and II-VI compounds, LED, III nitrides, SiC, ZnO, GaO, and other semiconductors/oxides. Professor Feng has also edited and published multiple review books in his field, alongside authoring scientific journal papers and conference/proceeding papers.He has organized symposiums and been an invited speaker at different international conferences and universities.He has also served as a guest editor for special journal issues.

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  • Her Cold Materials
    Her Cold Materials


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  • Applied Raman Spectroscopy : Concepts, Instrumentation, Chemometrics, and Life Science Applications
    Applied Raman Spectroscopy : Concepts, Instrumentation, Chemometrics, and Life Science Applications

    Applied Raman Spectroscopy: Concepts, Instrumentation, Chemometrics, and Life Science Applications synthesizes recent developments in the field, providing an updated overview.The book focuses on the modern concepts of Raman spectroscopy techniques, recent technological innovations, data analysis using chemometric methods, along with the latest examples of life science applications relevant in academia and industries.It will be beneficial to researchers from various branches of science and technology, and it will point them to modern techniques coupled with data analysis methods.In addition, it will help instruct new readers on Raman spectroscopy and hyphenated Raman spectroscopic techniques. The book is primarily written for analytical and physical chemistry students and researchers at a more advanced level who require a broad introductory overview of the applications of Raman spectroscopy, as well as those working in applied industry and clinical laboratories.Students, researchers, and industry workers in related fields, including X-ray and materials science, agriculture, botany, molecular biology and biotechnology, mineralogy, and environmental science will also find it very useful.

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  • Magneto-Optics and Spectroscopy of Antiferromagnets
    Magneto-Optics and Spectroscopy of Antiferromagnets

    Certain magnetic materials have optical properties that make them attractive for a wide variety of applications such as optical switches.This book describes the physics of one class of such magnetooptic materials, the insulating antiferromagnets.The authors summarize recent results concerning the structure, optical properties, spectroscopy, and magnetooptical properties of these materials.In particular, they consider magnetic phase transitions, symmetry effects, the linear magnetooptical effect, magnons, spectroscopic study of spin waves, photoinduced magnetic effects, and the effects of impurities.

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  • Is the Cold War really cold?

    The term "Cold War" refers to the political and ideological tension between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II, characterized by espionage, proxy wars, and a nuclear arms race. While direct military conflict between the two superpowers was avoided, the Cold War was marked by numerous "hot" conflicts in places like Korea, Vietnam, and Afghanistan. Additionally, both sides engaged in covert operations and supported opposing factions in various countries, leading to significant violence and instability. Therefore, while the Cold War may not have resulted in a full-scale direct war between the US and the Soviet Union, it was far from "cold" in terms of its impact on global politics and the lives of people in many parts of the world.

  • Why is the Cold War called cold?

    The Cold War is called "cold" because it was characterized by a lack of direct military conflict between the two main superpowers involved, the United States and the Soviet Union. Instead of engaging in open warfare, the two sides engaged in a variety of indirect confrontations, such as espionage, propaganda, and proxy wars in other countries. The term "cold" reflects the fact that the tensions and hostilities between the two sides never escalated into a full-scale hot war.

  • Are cold hands and cold feet bad?

    Yes, having cold hands and feet can be uncomfortable and may indicate poor circulation. In some cases, it could be a sign of a medical condition such as Raynaud's disease or hypothyroidism. It is important to pay attention to persistent cold extremities and consult a healthcare professional if you have concerns. Keeping your hands and feet warm through proper clothing and staying active can help improve circulation and alleviate coldness.

  • Where has photonics gone?

    Photonics has advanced and expanded into various industries and applications, including telecommunications, healthcare, manufacturing, and defense. It has enabled the development of faster and more efficient communication systems, medical imaging technologies, high-precision manufacturing tools, and advanced military equipment. Photonics has also made significant contributions to renewable energy technologies, such as solar cells and LED lighting. Overall, photonics has become an integral part of modern technology and continues to drive innovation in a wide range of fields.

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  • Nanotechnology in Electronics : Materials, Properties, Devices
    Nanotechnology in Electronics : Materials, Properties, Devices

    Nanotechnology in Electronics Enables readers to understand and apply state-of-the-art concepts surrounding modern nanotechnology in electronics Nanotechnology in Electronics summarizes numerous research accomplishments in the field, covering novel materials for electronic applications (such as graphene, nanowires, and carbon nanotubes) and modern nanoelectronic devices (such as biosensors, optoelectronic devices, flexible electronics, nanoscale batteries, and nanogenerators) that are used in many different fields (such as sensor technology, energy generation, data storage and biomedicine). Edited by four highly qualified researchers and professionals in the field, other specific sample topics covered in Nanotechnology in Electronics include: Graphene-based nanoelectronics biosensors, including the history, properties, and fundamentals of graphene, plus fundamentals of graphene derivatives and the synthesis of graphene Zinc oxide piezoelectronic nanogenerators for low frequency applications, with an introduction to zinc oxide and zinc oxide piezoelectric nanogenerators Investigation of the hot junctionless mosfets, including an overview of the junctionless paradigm and a simulation framework of the hot carrier degradation Conductive nanomaterials for printed/flexible electronics application and metal oxide semiconductors for non-invasive diagnosis of breast cancer The fundamental aspects and applications of multiferroic-based spintronic devices and quartz tuning fork based nanosensors. Containing in-depth information on the topic and written intentionally to help with the practical application of concepts described within, Nanotechnology in Electronics is a must-have reference for materials scientists, electronics engineers, and engineering scientists who wish to understand and harness the state of the art in the field.

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  • A Milliliter-Scale Setup for the Efficient Characterization of Multicomponent Vapor-Liquid Equilibria Using Raman Spectroscopy
    A Milliliter-Scale Setup for the Efficient Characterization of Multicomponent Vapor-Liquid Equilibria Using Raman Spectroscopy

    Vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data are of major importance for the chemical industry.Despite significant progress in predictive methods, experimental VLE data are still indispensable.In this work, we address the need for experimental VLE data.Commonly, the characterization of VLE requires significant experimental effort.To limit the experimental effort, VLE measurements are frequently conducted by synthetic methods which employ samples of known composition and avoid complex analytics and sampling issues.In contrast, analytical methods provide independent information on phase compositions, commonly based on sampling and large amounts of substance. In the first part of this work, we employ a synthetic method, the well-established Cailletet setup, to characterize the high pressure VLE of two promising binary biofuel blends.The Cailletet method serves as a state of the art reference method that enables collecting data of remarkable accuracy.However, extensive infrastructure is needed. In the second part, to avoid extensive infrastructure and overcome limitations of previous methods, we develop a novel analytical milliliter-scale setup for the noninvasive and efficient characterization of VLE: RAMSPEQU (Raman Spectroscopic Phase Equilibrium Characterization).The novel setup saves substance and rapidly characterizes VLE.Sampling and its associated errors are avoided by analyzing phase compositions using Raman spectroscopy.Thereby, volumes of less than 3 ml are sufficient for reliable phase equilibrium measurements.To enable rapid data generation and save substance, we design an integrated workow combining Raman signal calibration and VLE measurement.As a result, RAMSPEQU gives access to up to 15 pT xy-data sets per workday.RAMSPEQU is successfully validated against pure component and binary VLE data from literature. However, mixtures with only two components rarely depict real industrial applications.As the number of experiments increases strongly with a rising number of components, the efficient RAMSPEQU setup seems particularly suited for multicomponent systems.In the third part of this work, we employ the RAMSPEQU setup for the characterization of a quaternary system and its binary subsystems. 22 ml and 105 ml of the binary and quaternary mixtures are sufficient for an extensive VLE characterization. The RAMSPEQU setup and its integrated workow enable the characterization of multicomponent VLE while saving significant amounts of substance and laboratory time.

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  • Cold Cold Heart
    Cold Cold Heart


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  • Cold Cold Heart
    Cold Cold Heart

    In COLD COLD HEART, Tami Hoag - the Sunday Times bestselling author of A THIN DARK LINE - with the gripping follow-up to THE 9TH GIRL.Dana Nolan has escaped from notorious serial killer Doc Holliday.But can she ever be safe?She was the only one to make it out alive. Dana Nolan was a promising young TV reporter until she was kidnapped by a notorious serial killer.A year has passed since she survived the ordeal, but Dana is still physically, emotionally, and psychologically scarred. She thought it was over. In an attempt to put herself back together, Dana returns to her hometown.But it doesn't provide the comfort she expects: she struggles to recognize family and childhood friends and begins experiencing dark flashbacks.But she's not sure if they're truly memories or side effects of her brain injury. She was wrong. Dana decides to use her investigative skills to piece together her past and the event that made her become a reporter in the first place: the disappearance of her best friend, Casey Grant, the summer after high school graduation. But now, old friends seem to be suspects, authority figures part of a cover-up.Dana begins to question everything she knows. And is the truth really something too terrible to be believed?

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  • How can you keep a cold pack cold?

    To keep a cold pack cold, you can store it in the freezer before use. Make sure to follow the manufacturer's instructions for the recommended amount of time to freeze the pack. Additionally, you can wrap the cold pack in a towel or cloth before applying it to your skin to help insulate it and keep it colder for longer. Finally, if the cold pack starts to warm up during use, you can place it back in the freezer for a short period to re-chill before using it again.

  • How can one keep a cold pack cold?

    To keep a cold pack cold, you can store it in the freezer before use. Make sure to follow the manufacturer's instructions for the recommended freezing time. Additionally, you can wrap the cold pack in a towel or cloth before applying it to your skin to help retain the cold temperature for longer. Avoid leaving the cold pack out at room temperature for extended periods of time to maintain its cooling properties.

  • Cold showers or alternating hot and cold showers?

    Both cold showers and alternating hot and cold showers have their benefits. Cold showers can help improve circulation, boost energy levels, and reduce muscle soreness. On the other hand, alternating hot and cold showers, also known as contrast showers, can help improve recovery, reduce inflammation, and enhance the immune system. The choice between the two depends on individual preferences and specific health goals.

  • Why is the Cold Dog called Cold Dog?

    The Cold Dog is called Cold Dog because it is a play on words that combines the idea of a cold drink with the image of a dog. The name is catchy and memorable, making it stand out to potential customers. Additionally, the name may evoke a sense of refreshment and coolness, which can be appealing to those looking for a cold beverage.

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